Dictionary of architectural terms phmc pennsylvania. A term applied to windows, arches, balustrades etc that are applied to a wall for decorative purposes but are blocked with recessed stone, brick. They too will become standard features in most human settlements. A keystone also known as capstone is the wedgeshaped stone at the apex of a masonry arch or typically roundshaped one at the apex of a vault. Home common architectural terms used to describe historic buildings. A small column of wood or stone used to support a load. In classical architecture, the ornamental molding at the top of a wall, typically under the eaves, is divided into three parts. A frieze is a broad horizontal band along the top of wall. In a walled village or town, on a flat site, windows require the introduction of lanes and courtyards.
In ancient roman architecture, a large rectangular building used as a tribunal or for other public purposes and generally arranged with nave, aisles, and one or more apses. Curbed university delivers insider tips and nonboring advice on how to buy, sell, or rent a home or apartment. Glossary of architectural terms trust for architectural easements. The central stone in a vault, often with decorative carving. A house with a center door and a window on either side has 3 bays. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Beyond just the design of our architectural stone products, our team puts serious consideration into the technical elements of our stone veneer specifications.
This includes unwavering commitment to meeting all building code compliances, considering the environmental factors that occur in the creation of stone veneer, and more. This term is actually a misnomer, as it includes an obvious contradiction of terms. An enclosed brick or stone oven built adjacent to a hearth in early dutch colonial houses. Hastings borough councils glossary of architectural terms. Common architectural terms used to describe historic buildings. In both cases it is the final piece placed during construction and locks all the stones into position, allowing the arch or vault to bear weight.
Windows and doors are often a source of great interest for designers and some of the key technical terms associated with those. Muntin a vertical or horizontal piece that divides a pane of glass into two or more panes or lites in a window. Bays the number of bays refers to the width of a building by counting the number of opennings including both doors and windows. Architectural stone definition of architectural stone by. If the stone projects from a flat flint wall, the term is proudwork as the stone stands proud rather than being flush with the wall. A type of construction using stone, brick, tile or concrete block using mortar. A false balcony, or railing at the outer plane of a window. Fleche spirelet of timber and lead rising from a roof ridge rather than a tower. Informally, however, the term cornice is used to describe all three of these moldings. He holds an ma in political philosophy and is the publishing director at ahe. Muqarnas type of decorative corbel used in islamic architecture that in some circumstances, resembles stalactites.
Buttress a wall support usually of stone or brick placed at the sides of a building. Arh 314 and 315 terminology digital scholarship center. Some of the definitions are additionally hyperlinked to pages that show examples of the item being discussed. A railing composition composed of upper and lower rails, balusters and pedestals. A gem on the french riviera, the peninsula of saint jean cap ferrat is a tiny paradise of lush vegetation which has also been historically chosen for its peace and quiet as an oasis for luxury residences. Artificial stone a manmade product attempting to replicate the look of natural stone. A fusion of roman, carolingian and ottonian, byzantine, and local germanic traditions, it was a product of the great expansion of monasticism in the 10th11th century. Sensors and new technologies for indoor daily life. Trachtenberg, marvin and isabell hyman, architecture, from prehistory to postmodernity. Attic windows are common to ancient greek and greek revival architecture. If youve been shopping for windows recently, it is likely that you have come across the term architectural windows or architecture grade windows, but what exactly are architectural windows architectural windows are not necessarily a type of window as much as they are a style of window. The current editors, siegfried siegesmund and rolf snethlage, note the pioneering work of erhard winkler who wrote the first edition in 1973 when so. Mullions the wooden divisions between panes of glass on windows. An illustrated glossary of castle architecture ancient.
Glossary of architectural terms adrian architecture. We can create bespoke designs as well as decorative elements in keeping with specific design periods for both interior and exterior projects. A window with two sashes that move independently of each other. Inside flat trim member which is used under the stool at the bottom of the window. The typical doublehung window was commonly arranged with a singlepane sash at the bottom and a multipane sash above. The art or practice of designing and constructing buildings. Materials used can range from stone to brick, wood and sheet metal. Veria marble, granite and quartz countertops architecture stones is the largest stone fabricator for residential and commercial properties serving maryland, washington dc and virginia. Ashlar a stone facade of generally square or rectangular units having sawed or dressed beds. Your experience will be expertly guided by our staff and designers from start to finish in every aspect of your project. Architecture pros will know what an oriel is, but the rest of us.
At the top of a capital, a thick rectangular slab of stone that serves as the flat, broad. If you have a word to contribute to our glossary, please email us. Pillars can be round or square in section, and are most often made of brick, stone, cement, or. When talking to an architect or builder, it can be helpful to know basic terminology and architectural vocabulary you may encounter. Along with definitions and photos from wikipedia, here are 25 obscure design and architecture terms you might not know. A stone course running from one window sill to another a variety of string course. Vertical bar of wood, metal or stone which separates two or more windows in a series. The list is by no means complete, and certain minor terms have been omitted. Glossary of window terms from the first nation wide vinyl replacement window distributor for milgard, andersen, superior, international, velux, atrium and anderson windows on. Properties, durability, is a sophisticated and thorough exploration of stone its properties, performance and conservation in monumental contexts.
Terms that distinguish certain construction materials and techniques are presented next. Bay a vertical alignment of key elements in a wall such as doors or windows which may also project or recess. Also the molded frame of a door or window often borrowing the profile of a classical architrave. A wide decorative band in the middle of an entablature or below a cornice. From construction terms to office tools to lofty lingo like spatiality, its easy to feel left in the dark if you lack an architecture degree. A term applied to windows, arches, balustrades etc that are applied to a wall for decorative purposes but are blocked with recessed stone, brick etc. This castle glossary will name and define the parts of castle architecture, castle structure and construction, knights and warfare, and defense terms. Glossary of architectural terms historic environment scotland. Rafters are structural roof members that slope up from the wall to the peak of a roof. This is architecture that has been modeled after the buildings of ancient greece and. A decorative raised surface along the edge of an architectural feature such as a window, column, door or wall. Forestair external stone stair, usually to 1st floor level.
Below you will find short definitions for many of the terms associated with medieval castles. Windows are tall and narrow with multiple panessometimes rectangular, sometimes diamondshaped. Wooden glazing bar used to support the glass panes of a window. Pier is also the term used for the solid mass between windows, doors, and.
Abrams, 2002 abacus at the top of a capital, a thick rectangular slab of stone that serves as the flat, broad surface on which. This revival also sometimes incorporated the five orders of architecture that vary in terms of the system of. In gothic architecture, tracery in windows refers to the stone bars, ribs, or other supports between sections of glass that have decorative as well as utilitarian qualities. Other important features are the ribbed vault, flying buttress, and windows with patterns of stone lace called tracery. In christian architecture, a longitudinal church of related form. To this end, weve compiled a list of important architectural terms some you may have heard and others you probably havent. The massive neolithic architecture of western europe begins, in the 5th millennium bc, with passage graves. Photo guide to building window types, architectural styles. All definitions are reproduced from the required course textbook. Mortar a mixture of sand, water, lime and cement used to lay bricks, stone, tile or concrete block. The windows used in tudor houses are also a unique nod to medieval architecture. An enclosed brick or stone oven built adjacent to a hearth in early dutch. The word quoin is pronounced the same as the word coin koin or koyn, which is an old french word meaning corner or angle.
Stories about stone architecture and design projects, including travertine and clay buildings, marble sculptures and furniture built from limestone. Quoin has come to be known as the accentuation of a buildings corner with short side header bricks or stone blocks and long side stretcher bricks or stone blocks that may or may not differ from the wall masonry in size, color, or. Architectural stone synonyms, architectural stone pronunciation, architectural stone translation, english dictionary definition of architectural stone. Closer british in equidimensional stone masonry, a stone trimmed to nonuniform length to close a course next to a quoin or other end unit.
Shingle style houses had numerous windows, some of ample proportions, some rather small. A window lighting an attic story, and often located in a cornice. To this end, weve compiled a list of important architectural terms some you may have heard and. Study 58 terms art appreciation chapter flashcards. A glossary of common architectural features and terms. A high section of wall that contains windows above eye level with the purpose of admitting light, fresh air, or both.
And around herewhile were huge into design and life at homewe still find that some terms escape us. One thought on common architectural terms used to describe historic buildings ella stockham says. Glossary of fenestration terms southeastern door and. Romanesque architecture, architectural style current in europe from about the mid11th century to the advent of gothic architecture. The center member of a double door, which is attached to the fixed or inactive door panel. Glossary of architectural terms trust for architectural. Since early times, the openings have been filled with stone, wooden, or iron grilles or lights panes of glass or other translucent material. Window, opening in the wall of a building for the admission of light and air.